
Orca is a livecoding playground.
Orca is a two-dimensional esoteric programming language in which every letter of the alphabet is an operator, where lowercase letters operate on bang, uppercase letters operate each frame. This livecoding language is designed to procedurally generate MIDI, UDP or OSC messages.
If you wish to learn more about Orca, watch a tutorial, visit the chatroom or ask your questions in the forum.
Orca is a wildly unique visual programming tool. It's also an inky black and seafoam green alphabet soup, pulsating to some species of broody electronic industrial throb.
—Ivan Reese, The Future Of Coding
Operators
A
add(a b): Outputs sum of inputs.B
subtract(a b): Outputs difference of inputs.C
clock(rate mod): Outputs modulo of frame.D
delay(rate mod): Bangs on modulo of frame.E
east: Moves eastward, or bangs.F
if(a b): Bangs if inputs are equal.G
generator(x y len): Writes operands with offset.H
halt: Halts southward operand.I
increment(step mod): Increments southward operand.J
jumper(val): Outputs northward operand.K
konkat(len): Reads multiple variables.L
less(a b): Outputs smallest of inputs.M
multiply(a b): Outputs product of inputs.N
north: Moves Northward, or bangs.O
read(x y read): Reads operand with offset.P
push(len key val): Writes eastward operand.Q
query(x y len): Reads operands with offset.R
random(min max): Outputs random value.S
south: Moves southward, or bangs.T
track(key len val): Reads eastward operand.U
uclid(step max): Bangs on Euclidean rhythm.V
variable(write read): Reads and writes variable.W
west: Moves westward, or bangs.X
write(x y val): Writes operand with offset.Y
jymper(val): Outputs westward operand.Z
lerp(rate target): Transitions operand to input.*
bang: Bangs neighboring operands.#
comment: Halts a line.
Base 36 Table
Orca operates on a base of 36 increments. Operators using numeric values will typically also operate on letters and convert them into values as per the following table. For instance Do
will bang every 24th frame.
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N |
12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
Tutorial
Basics
This section will teach the basics of playing a note and a sequence of notes.
Send a midi note
D8
, will send a bang, every 8th frame.:03C
, will send theC
note, on the 3rd octave, to sendC#
, use the lowercasec3
.
D8... .:03C
Play a random note
aRG
, will output a random value betweenA
&G
, the rightside uppercase letter indicates an uppercase output.
D8.aRG. .:03D..
Make a melody
04TCAFE
, will create a track of 4 notes, and output its first value.
D814TCAFE .:03A....
Play the melody
8C4
, will count from0
to3
, at 1/8th speed.
.8C4..... D804TCAFE .:03C....
Logic
This section will teach the basics of automating logic decisions and changing the values of operators dynamically.
Play every second note
2I6
, will increment to6
at a rate of2
.
.2I6....... D646TCAFEDG .:03D......
Play a note with an offset
1AC
, will add1
toC
, to outputD
. To getD#
, use the lowercased
, like1Ac
.
D8.1AC. .:03D..
Play a sequence back and forth
- The combination of the output of
C6
intoB3
will bounce a value between 0 and 3 over 6 frames.
4C6...... .4B3..... D414TCAFE .:03A....
Play a note at a specific interval
.I4
, will increment to4
, at a rate of1
..F2
, will bang only if leftside input is equal to2
.
I4..... 3F2.1AC ..:03D.
Projectors
This section will teach the basics of creating new operators procedurally.
Halt a moving operator
E
, will travel further eastward, every frame.H
, will stop aE
from moving.
..H E..
Read an operator at position
22O
, will get the operatorE
at the offset2,2
.
22O... ..E..H .....E
Write an operator at position
22X
, will output the operatorE
at the offset2,2
.
22XE. ..... ..... ....E
Animate a projector
B8
, will bounce between0
and8
.
C........... .B4......... .1XE........ ........:03C ........:03D ........:03E ........:03F ........:03G
Variables
This section will teach the basics of storing accessing and combining that stored data.
Write a variable
aV5
, will store5
in the variablea
.
aV5
Read a variable
Va
, will output the value of the variablea
. Notice how variables always have to be written above where they are read.
.....Va ....... aV5..Va .....5. ....... aV6..Va .....6.
Read 3 variables
3Kion
, will output the values ofi
,o
&n
, side-by-side.
iV0.oV3.nVC ........... 3Kion...... .:03C......
Carry a value horizontally and vertically
Y
, will output the west input, eastward.J
, will output the north input, southward.
3.. J.. 3Y3
Carry a bang
- This method will allow you to bring bangs into tight spots.
D43Ka... .Y.:03C.
I hope this workshop has been enlightening, if you have questions or suggestions, please visit the forum, or the chatroom. Enjoy!
Golf
Here are a few interesting snippets to achieve various arithmetic operations.
1X.. | Modulo Will output the modulo of 6 % 4 . |
cA1. | Uppercase Will output uppercase C. |
H... | Lowercase Will output lowercase C. |
.L0. | Not Null Will bang if L free input is not null. |
orca.c
To learn more, see the complete manual in the repository.
cc -std=c89 -O2 -DNDEBUG -g0 -s -Wall -L/usr/local/lib -lSDL2 -lportmidi orca.c -o orca
The following code is a single-file implementation written ANSI C with SDL2 and portmidi as only dependecies.
#include <stdio.h> #include <SDL2/SDL.h> #include <portmidi.h> #include <porttime.h> /* Copyright (c) 2020 Devine Lu Linvega Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE. */ #define HOR 32 #define VER 16 #define PAD 2 #define VOICES 16 #define DEVICE 0 #define SZ (HOR * VER * 16) #define CLIPSZ (HOR * VER) + VER + 1 #define MAXSZ (HOR * VER) typedef unsigned char Uint8; typedef struct Grid { int w, h, l, f, r; Uint8 var[36], data[MAXSZ], lock[MAXSZ], type[MAXSZ]; } Grid; typedef struct { int unsaved; char name[256]; Grid grid; } Document; typedef struct { int x, y, w, h; } Rect2d; typedef struct { int chn, val, vel, len; } MidiNote; Document doc; char clip[CLIPSZ]; MidiNote voices[VOICES]; Rect2d cursor; int WIDTH = 8 * HOR + PAD * 8 * 2; int HEIGHT = 8 * (VER + 2) + PAD * 8 * 2; int BPM = 128, DOWN = 0, ZOOM = 2, PAUSE = 0, GUIDES = 1, MODE = 0; Uint32 theme[] = { 0x000000, 0xFFFFFF, 0x72DEC2, 0x666666, 0xffb545}; Uint8 icons[][8] = { {0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x7c, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00}, /* play */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x48, 0x24, 0x12, 0x24, 0x48, 0x00}, /* next */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x42, 0x00, 0x42, 0x66, 0x00}, /* skip */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:1 */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:2 */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:3 */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:4 */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:5 */ {0x00, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x3e, 0x00}, /* midi:6 */ {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x82, 0x44, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00}, /* eye open */ {0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x92, 0x28, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00}, /* eye closed */ {0x10, 0x54, 0x28, 0xc6, 0x28, 0x54, 0x10, 0x00} /* unsaved */ }; Uint8 font[][8] = { {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x02, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x12, 0x22, 0x42, 0x7e, 0x02, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x40, 0x3c, 0x02, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x02, 0x02, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x02, 0x3e, 0x42, 0x7a, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x02, 0x3e, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x40, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x70, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x04, 0x04, 0x44, 0x38, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x44, 0x78, 0x44, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x5c, 0x62, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x42, 0x44, 0x38, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x02, 0x02, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x5c, 0x62, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x3c, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x08, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x46, 0x3a, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x52, 0x52, 0x6c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x04, 0x18, 0x20, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x40, 0x70, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x5c, 0x42, 0x3e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x02, 0x02, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x46, 0x48, 0x70, 0x48, 0x46, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x6e, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x62, 0x52, 0x4a, 0x46, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x42, 0x4a, 0x44, 0x3a, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x42, 0x7c, 0x42, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x3e, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x02, 0x7c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x3c, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x42, 0x42, 0x24, 0x18, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x6e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x24, 0x18, 0x24, 0x42, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x24, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x02, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x7e, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x5a, 0x24, 0x42, 0x24, 0x5a, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x24, 0x7e, 0x24, 0x7e, 0x24, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x5a, 0x24, 0x5a, 0x66, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x32, 0x42, 0x4c, 0x00, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x00, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}}; SDL_Window *gWindow = NULL; SDL_Renderer *gRenderer = NULL; SDL_Texture *gTexture = NULL; Uint32 *pixels; PmStream *midi; #pragma mark - HELPERS int clmp(int val, int min, int max) { return (val >= min) ? (val <= max) ? val : max : min; } char * scpy(char *src, char *dst, int len) { int i = 0; while((dst[i] = src[i]) && i < len - 2) i++; dst[i + 1] = '\0'; return dst; } char cchr(int v, char c) { v = abs(v % 36); if(v >= 0 && v <= 9) return '0' + v; return (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' ? 'A' : 'a') + v - 10; } int cb36(char c) { if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return c - 'A' + 10; if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return c - 'a' + 10; if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0'; return 0; } int validposition(Grid *g, int x, int y) { return x >= 0 && x <= g->w - 1 && y >= 0 && y <= g->h - 1; } int validcharacter(char c) { if(cb36(c) || c == '0') return 1; if(c == '.' || c == ':' || c == '#' || c == '*') return 1; return 0; } int ctbl(char c) { int sharp, uc, deg, notes[] = {0, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11}; if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0'; sharp = c >= 'a' && c <= 'z'; uc = sharp ? c - 'a' + 'A' : c; deg = uc <= 'B' ? 'G' - 'B' + uc - 'A' : uc - 'C'; return deg / 7 * 12 + notes[deg % 7] + sharp; } #pragma mark - IO char getcell(Grid *g, int x, int y) { if(validposition(g, x, y)) return g->data[x + (y * g->w)]; return '.'; } void setcell(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { if(validposition(g, x, y) && validcharacter(c)) g->data[x + (y * g->w)] = c; } int gettype(Grid *g, int x, int y) { if(validposition(g, x, y)) return g->type[x + (y * g->w)]; return 0; } void settype(Grid *g, int x, int y, int t) { if(validposition(g, x, y)) g->type[x + (y * g->w)] = t; } void setlock(Grid *g, int x, int y) { if(validposition(g, x, y)) { g->lock[x + (y * g->w)] = 1; if(!gettype(g, x, y)) settype(g, x, y, 1); } } void setport(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { setlock(g, x, y); settype(g, x, y, 5); setcell(g, x, y, c); } int getport(Grid *g, int x, int y, int l) { if(l) { setlock(g, x, y); settype(g, x, y, 4); } else settype(g, x, y, 2); return getcell(g, x, y); } int getbang(Grid *g, int x, int y) { return getcell(g, x - 1, y) == '*' || getcell(g, x + 1, y) == '*' || getcell(g, x, y - 1) == '*' || getcell(g, x, y + 1) == '*'; } #pragma mark - MIDI MidiNote * sendmidi(int chn, int val, int vel, int len) { int i = 0; /* Detrigger */ for(i = 0; i < VOICES; ++i) { MidiNote *n = &voices[i]; if(!n->len || n->chn != chn || n->val != val) continue; Pm_WriteShort(midi, Pt_Time(), Pm_Message(0x90 + n->chn, n->val, 0)); n->len = 0; } /* Trigger */ for(i = 0; i < VOICES; ++i) { MidiNote *n = &voices[i]; if(n->len < 1) { n->chn = chn; n->val = val; n->vel = vel; n->len = len; Pm_WriteShort(midi, Pt_Time(), Pm_Message(0x90 + chn, val, vel * 3)); return n; } } return NULL; } void runmidi(void) { int i; for(i = 0; i < VOICES; ++i) { MidiNote *n = &voices[i]; if(n->len > 0) { n->len--; if(n->len == 0) Pm_WriteShort(midi, Pt_Time(), Pm_Message(0x90 + n->chn, n->val, 0)); } } } void initmidi(void) { int i; Pm_Initialize(); for(i = 0; i < Pm_CountDevices(); ++i) printf("Device #%d -> %s%s\n", i, Pm_GetDeviceInfo(i)->name, i == DEVICE ? "[x]" : "[ ]"); Pm_OpenOutput(&midi, DEVICE, NULL, 128, 0, NULL, 1); } #pragma mark - LIBRARY void opa(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char a = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char b = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(cb36(a) + cb36(b), b)); (void)c; } void opb(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char a = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char b = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(cb36(a) - cb36(b), b)); (void)c; } void opc(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char rate = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char mod = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); int mod_ = cb36(mod); int rate_ = cb36(rate); if(!rate_) rate_ = 1; if(!mod_) mod_ = 8; setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(g->f / rate_ % mod_, mod)); (void)c; } void opd(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char rate = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char mod = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); int rate_ = cb36(rate); int mod_ = cb36(mod); if(!rate_) rate_ = 1; if(!mod_) mod_ = 8; setport(g, x, y + 1, g->f % (rate_ * mod_) == 0 ? '*' : '.'); (void)c; } void ope(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { if(x >= g->h - 1 || getcell(g, x + 1, y) != '.') setcell(g, x, y, '*'); else { setcell(g, x, y, '.'); setport(g, x + 1, y, c); settype(g, x + 1, y, 0); } settype(g, x, y, 0); } void opf(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char a = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char b = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x, y + 1, a == b ? '*' : '.'); (void)c; } void opg(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char px = getport(g, x - 3, y, 0); char py = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char len = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); int i, len_ = cb36(len); if(!len_) len_ = 1; for(i = 0; i < len_; ++i) setport(g, x + i + cb36(px), y + 1 + cb36(py), getport(g, x + 1 + i, y, 1)); (void)c; } void oph(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { getport(g, x, y + 1, 1); (void)c; } void opi(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char rate = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char mod = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); char val = getport(g, x, y + 1, 1); int rate_ = cb36(rate); int mod_ = cb36(mod); if(!rate_) rate_ = 1; if(!mod_) mod_ = 36; setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr((cb36(val) + rate_) % mod_, mod)); (void)c; } void opj(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char link = getport(g, x, y - 1, 0); int i; if(link != c) { for(i = 1; y + i < 256; ++i) if(getcell(g, x, y + i) != c) break; setport(g, x, y + i, link); } } void opk(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char len = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); int i, len_ = cb36(len); if(!len_) len_ = 1; for(i = 0; i < len_; ++i) { char key = getport(g, x + 1 + i, y, 1); if(key != '.') setport(g, x + 1 + i, y + 1, g->var[cb36(key)]); } (void)c; } void opl(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char a = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char b = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x, y + 1, cb36(a) < cb36(b) ? a : b); (void)c; } void opm(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char a = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char b = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(cb36(a) * cb36(b), b)); (void)c; } void opn(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { if(y <= 0 || getcell(g, x, y - 1) != '.') setcell(g, x, y, '*'); else { setcell(g, x, y, '.'); setport(g, x, y - 1, c); settype(g, x, y - 1, 0); } settype(g, x, y, 0); } void opo(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char px = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char py = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); setport(g, x, y + 1, getport(g, x + 1 + cb36(px), y + cb36(py), 1)); (void)c; } void opp(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char key = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char len = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char val = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); int i, len_ = cb36(len); if(!len_) len_ = 1; for(i = 0; i < len_; ++i) setlock(g, x + i, y + 1); setport(g, x + (cb36(key) % len_), y + 1, val); (void)c; } void opq(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char px = getport(g, x - 3, y, 0); char py = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char len = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); int i, len_ = cb36(len); if(!len_) len_ = 1; for(i = 0; i < len_; ++i) setport(g, x + 1 - len_ + i, y + 1, getport(g, x + 1 + cb36(px) + i, y + cb36(py), 1)); (void)c; } void opr(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char min = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char max = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); int min_ = cb36(min); int max_ = cb36(max); unsigned int key = (g->r + y * g->w + x) ^ (g->f << 16); if(!max_) max_ = 36; if(min_ == max_) min_ = max_ - 1; key = (key ^ 61U) ^ (key >> 16); key = key + (key << 3); key = key ^ (key >> 4); key = key * 0x27d4eb2d; key = key ^ (key >> 15); setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(key % (max_ - min_) + min_, max)); (void)c; } void ops(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { if(y >= g->h - 1 || getcell(g, x, y + 1) != '.') setcell(g, x, y, '*'); else { setcell(g, x, y, '.'); setport(g, x, y + 1, c); settype(g, x, y + 1, 0); } settype(g, x, y, 0); } void opt(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char key = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char len = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); int i, len_ = cb36(len); if(!len_) len_ = 1; for(i = 0; i < len_; ++i) setlock(g, x + 1 + i, y); setport(g, x, y + 1, getport(g, x + 1 + (cb36(key) % len_), y, 1)); (void)c; } void opu(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char step = getport(g, x - 1, y, 1); char max = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); int step_ = cb36(step); int max_ = cb36(max); int bucket; if(!step_) step_ = 1; if(!max_) max_ = 8; bucket = (step_ * (g->f + max_ - 1)) % max_ + step_; setport(g, x, y + 1, bucket >= max_ ? '*' : '.'); (void)c; } void opv(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char w = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char r = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); if(w != '.') g->var[cb36(w)] = r; else if(w == '.' && r != '.') setport(g, x, y + 1, g->var[cb36(r)]); (void)c; } void opw(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { if(x <= 0 || getcell(g, x - 1, y) != '.') setcell(g, x, y, '*'); else { setcell(g, x, y, '.'); setport(g, x - 1, y, c); settype(g, x - 1, y, 0); } settype(g, x, y, 0); } void opx(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char px = getport(g, x - 2, y, 0); char py = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char val = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); setport(g, x + cb36(px), y + cb36(py) + 1, val); (void)c; } void opy(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char link = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); int i; if(link != c) { for(i = 1; x + i < 256; ++i) if(getcell(g, x + i, y) != c) break; setport(g, x + i, y, link); } } void opz(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { char rate = getport(g, x - 1, y, 0); char target = getport(g, x + 1, y, 1); char val = getport(g, x, y + 1, 1); int rate_ = cb36(rate); int target_ = cb36(target); int val_ = cb36(val); int mod; if(!rate_) rate_ = 1; if(val_ <= target_ - rate_) mod = rate_; else if(val_ >= target_ + rate_) mod = -rate; else mod = target_ - val_; setport(g, x, y + 1, cchr(val_ + mod, target)); (void)c; } void opcomment(Grid *g, int x, int y) { int i; for(i = 1; x + i < 256; ++i) { setlock(g, x + i, y); if(getcell(g, x + i, y) == '#') break; } settype(g, x, y, 1); } void opspecial(Grid *g, int x, int y) { int chn, oct, nte, vel, len; if(getport(g, x, y, 1) != ':') return; chn = cb36(getport(g, x + 1, y, 1)); if(chn == '.') return; oct = cb36(getport(g, x + 2, y, 1)); if(oct == '.') return; nte = getport(g, x + 3, y, 1); if(nte == '.') return; vel = getport(g, x + 4, y, 1); if(vel == '.') vel = 'z'; len = getport(g, x + 5, y, 1); if(getbang(g, x, y)) { sendmidi( clmp(chn, 0, 16), 12 * oct + ctbl(nte), clmp(cb36(vel), 0, 36), clmp(cb36(len), 1, 36)); settype(g, x, y, 3); } } void operate(Grid *g, int x, int y, char c) { settype(g, x, y, 3); switch(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' ? c + ('a' - 'A') : c) { case 'a': opa(g, x, y, c); break; case 'b': opb(g, x, y, c); break; case 'c': opc(g, x, y, c); break; case 'd': opd(g, x, y, c); break; case 'e': ope(g, x, y, c); break; case 'f': opf(g, x, y, c); break; case 'g': opg(g, x, y, c); break; case 'h': oph(g, x, y, c); break; case 'i': opi(g, x, y, c); break; case 'k': opk(g, x, y, c); break; case 'j': opj(g, x, y, c); break; case 'l': opl(g, x, y, c); break; case 'm': opm(g, x, y, c); break; case 'n': opn(g, x, y, c); break; case 'o': opo(g, x, y, c); break; case 'p': opp(g, x, y, c); break; case 'q': opq(g, x, y, c); break; case 'r': opr(g, x, y, c); break; case 's': ops(g, x, y, c); break; case 't': opt(g, x, y, c); break; case 'u': opu(g, x, y, c); break; case 'v': opv(g, x, y, c); break; case 'w': opw(g, x, y, c); break; case 'x': opx(g, x, y, c); break; case 'y': opy(g, x, y, c); break; case 'z': opz(g, x, y, c); break; case '*': setcell(g, x, y, '.'); break; case '#': opcomment(g, x, y); break; default: opspecial(g, x, y); } } #pragma mark - GRID void initgridframe(Grid *g) { int i; for(i = 0; i < g->l; ++i) { g->lock[i] = 0; g->type[i] = 0; } for(i = 0; i < 36; ++i) g->var[i] = '.'; } int rungrid(Grid *g) { int i, x, y; initgridframe(g); for(i = 0; i < g->l; ++i) { char c = g->data[i]; x = i % g->w; y = i / g->w; if(c == '.' || g->lock[i]) continue; if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') continue; if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' && !getbang(g, x, y)) continue; operate(g, x, y, c); } g->f++; return 1; } void initgrid(Grid *g, int w, int h) { int i; g->w = w; g->h = h; g->l = w * h; g->f = 0; g->r = 1; for(i = 0; i < g->l; ++i) setcell(g, i % g->w, i / g->w, '.'); initgridframe(g); } #pragma mark - DRAW int getfont(int x, int y, char c, int type, int sel) { if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return c - 'A' + 36; if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') return c - 'a' + 10; if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0'; if(c == '*') return 62; if(c == '#') return 63; if(c == ':') return 65; if(cursor.x == x && cursor.y == y) return 66; if(GUIDES) { if(x % 8 == 0 && y % 8 == 0) return 68; if(sel || type || (x % 2 == 0 && y % 2 == 0)) return 64; } return 70; } void setpixel(Uint32 *dst, int x, int y, int color) { if(x >= 0 && x < WIDTH - 8 && y >= 0 && y < HEIGHT - 8) dst[(y + PAD * 8) * WIDTH + (x + PAD * 8)] = theme[color]; } void drawicon(Uint32 *dst, int x, int y, Uint8 *icon, int fg, int bg) { int v, h; for(v = 0; v < 8; v++) for(h = 0; h < 8; h++) { int clr = (icon[v] >> (7 - h)) & 0x1; setpixel(dst, x + h, y + v, clr == 1 ? fg : bg); } } void drawui(Uint32 *dst) { int i, n = 0, bottom = VER * 8 + 8; /* cursor */ drawicon(dst, 0 * 8, bottom, font[cursor.x % 36], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 1 * 8, bottom, font[68], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 2 * 8, bottom, font[cursor.y % 36], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 3 * 8, bottom, icons[2], cursor.w > 1 || cursor.h > 1 ? 4 : 3, 0); /* frame */ drawicon(dst, 5 * 8, bottom, font[(doc.grid.f / 1296) % 36], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 6 * 8, bottom, font[(doc.grid.f / 36) % 36], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 7 * 8, bottom, font[doc.grid.f % 36], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 8 * 8, bottom, icons[PAUSE ? 1 : 0], (doc.grid.f - 1) % 8 == 0 ? 2 : 3, 0); /* speed */ drawicon(dst, 10 * 8, bottom, font[(BPM / 100) % 10], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 11 * 8, bottom, font[(BPM / 10) % 10], 1, 0); drawicon(dst, 12 * 8, bottom, font[BPM % 10], 1, 0); /* io */ for(i = 0; i < VOICES; ++i) if(voices[i].len) n++; drawicon(dst, 13 * 8, bottom, n > 0 ? icons[2 + clmp(n, 0, 6)] : font[70], 2, 0); /* generics */ drawicon(dst, 15 * 8, bottom, icons[GUIDES ? 10 : 9], GUIDES ? 1 : 2, 0); drawicon(dst, (HOR - 1) * 8, bottom, icons[11], doc.unsaved ? 2 : 3, 0); } void redraw(Uint32 *dst) { int x, y; Rect2d *r = &cursor; for(y = 0; y < VER; ++y) { for(x = 0; x < HOR; ++x) { int sel = x < r->x + r->w && x >= r->x && y < r->y + r->h && y >= r->y; int t = gettype(&doc.grid, x, y); Uint8 *letter = font[getfont(x, y, getcell(&doc.grid, x, y), t, sel)]; int fg = 0, bg = 0; if(sel) { fg = 0; bg = 4; } else { switch(t) { case 1: fg = 3; break; case 2: fg = 1; break; case 3: bg = 1; break; case 4: fg = 2; break; case 5: bg = 2; break; default: fg = 3; } } drawicon(dst, x * 8, y * 8, letter, fg, bg); } } drawui(dst); SDL_UpdateTexture(gTexture, NULL, dst, WIDTH * sizeof(Uint32)); SDL_RenderClear(gRenderer); SDL_RenderCopy(gRenderer, gTexture, NULL, NULL); SDL_RenderPresent(gRenderer); } #pragma mark - OPTIONS int error(char *msg, const char *err) { printf("Error %s: %s\n", msg, err); return 0; } void makedoc(Document *d, char *name) { initgrid(&d->grid, HOR, VER); d->unsaved = 0; scpy(name, d->name, 256); redraw(pixels); printf("Made: %s\n", name); } int opendoc(Document *d, char *name) { int x = 0, y = 0; char c; FILE *f = fopen(name, "r"); if(!f) return error("Load", "Invalid input file"); initgrid(&d->grid, HOR, VER); while((c = fgetc(f)) != EOF && d->grid.l <= MAXSZ) { if(c == '\n') { x = 0; y++; } else { setcell(&d->grid, x, y, c); x++; } } d->unsaved = 0; scpy(name, d->name, 256); redraw(pixels); printf("Opened: %s\n", name); return 1; } void savedoc(Document *d, char *name) { int x, y; FILE *f = fopen(name, "w"); for(y = 0; y < d->grid.h; ++y) { for(x = 0; x < d->grid.w; ++x) fputc(getcell(&d->grid, x, y), f); fputc('\n', f); } fclose(f); d->unsaved = 0; scpy(name, d->name, 256); redraw(pixels); printf("Saved: %s\n", name); } void setoption(int *i, int v) { *i = v; redraw(pixels); } void select(int x, int y, int w, int h) { Rect2d r; r.x = clmp(x, 0, HOR - 1); r.y = clmp(y, 0, VER - 1); r.w = clmp(w, 1, HOR - x); r.h = clmp(h, 1, VER - y); if(r.x != cursor.x || r.y != cursor.y || r.w != cursor.w || r.h != cursor.h) { cursor = r; redraw(pixels); } } void scale(int w, int h, int skip) { select(cursor.x, cursor.y, cursor.w + (w * (skip ? 4 : 1)), cursor.h + (h * (skip ? 4 : 1))); } void move(int x, int y, int skip) { select(cursor.x + (x * (skip ? 4 : 1)), cursor.y + (y * (skip ? 4 : 1)), cursor.w, cursor.h); } void reset(void) { MODE = 0; GUIDES = 1; select(cursor.x, cursor.y, 1, 1); } void comment(Rect2d *r) { int y; char c = getcell(&doc.grid, r->x, r->y) == '#' ? '.' : '#'; for(y = 0; y < r->h; ++y) { setcell(&doc.grid, r->x, r->y + y, c); setcell(&doc.grid, r->x + r->w - 1, r->y + y, c); } doc.unsaved = 1; redraw(pixels); } void insert(char c) { int x, y; for(x = 0; x < cursor.w; ++x) for(y = 0; y < cursor.h; ++y) setcell(&doc.grid, cursor.x + x, cursor.y + y, c); if(MODE) move(1, 0, 0); doc.unsaved = 1; redraw(pixels); } void frame(void) { rungrid(&doc.grid); redraw(pixels); runmidi(); } void selectoption(int option) { switch(option) { case 3: select(cursor.x, cursor.y, 1, 1); break; case 8: PAUSE = 1; frame(); break; case 15: setoption(&GUIDES, !GUIDES); break; case HOR - 1: savedoc(&doc, doc.name); break; } } void quit(void) { free(pixels); SDL_DestroyTexture(gTexture); gTexture = NULL; SDL_DestroyRenderer(gRenderer); gRenderer = NULL; SDL_DestroyWindow(gWindow); gWindow = NULL; SDL_Quit(); exit(0); } #pragma mark - CLIP void copyclip(Rect2d *r, char *c) { int x, y, i = 0; for(y = 0; y < r->h; ++y) { for(x = 0; x < r->w; ++x) c[i++] = getcell(&doc.grid, r->x + x, r->y + y); c[i++] = '\n'; } c[i] = '\0'; redraw(pixels); } void cutclip(Rect2d *r, char *c) { copyclip(r, c); insert('.'); } void pasteclip(Rect2d *r, char *c, int insert) { int i = 0, x = r->x, y = r->y; char ch; while((ch = c[i++])) { if(ch == '\n') { x = r->x; y++; } else { setcell(&doc.grid, x, y, insert && ch == '.' ? getcell(&doc.grid, x, y) : ch); x++; } } doc.unsaved = 1; redraw(pixels); } void moveclip(Rect2d *r, char *c, int x, int y, int skip) { copyclip(r, c); insert('.'); move(x, y, skip); pasteclip(r, c, 0); } #pragma mark - TRIGGERS void domouse(SDL_Event *event) { int cx = event->motion.x / ZOOM / 8 - PAD; int cy = event->motion.y / ZOOM / 8 - PAD; switch(event->type) { case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP: DOWN = 0; break; case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: if(cy == VER + 1) selectoption(cx); else { select(cx, cy, 1, 1); DOWN = 1; } break; case SDL_MOUSEMOTION: if(DOWN) select(cursor.x, cursor.y, cx + 1 - cursor.x, cy + 1 - cursor.y); break; } } void dokey(SDL_Event *event) { int shift = SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_LSHIFT || SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_RSHIFT; int ctrl = SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_LCTRL || SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_RCTRL; int alt = SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_LALT || SDL_GetModState() & KMOD_RALT; if(ctrl) { switch(event->key.keysym.sym) { /* Generic */ case SDLK_n: makedoc(&doc, "untitled.orca"); break; case SDLK_r: opendoc(&doc, doc.name); break; case SDLK_s: savedoc(&doc, doc.name); break; case SDLK_h: setoption(&GUIDES, !GUIDES); break; /* Edit */ case SDLK_i: setoption(&MODE, !MODE); break; case SDLK_a: select(0, 0, doc.grid.w, doc.grid.h); break; case SDLK_x: cutclip(&cursor, clip); break; case SDLK_c: copyclip(&cursor, clip); break; case SDLK_v: pasteclip(&cursor, clip, shift); break; case SDLK_UP: moveclip(&cursor, clip, 0, -1, alt); break; case SDLK_DOWN: moveclip(&cursor, clip, 0, 1, alt); break; case SDLK_LEFT: moveclip(&cursor, clip, -1, 0, alt); break; case SDLK_RIGHT: moveclip(&cursor, clip, 1, 0, alt); break; case SDLK_SLASH: comment(&cursor); break; } } else { switch(event->key.keysym.sym) { case SDLK_ESCAPE: reset(); break; case SDLK_PAGEUP: setoption(&BPM, BPM + 1); break; case SDLK_PAGEDOWN: setoption(&BPM, BPM - 1); break; case SDLK_UP: shift ? scale(0, -1, alt) : move(0, -1, alt); break; case SDLK_DOWN: shift ? scale(0, 1, alt) : move(0, 1, alt); break; case SDLK_LEFT: shift ? scale(-1, 0, alt) : move(-1, 0, alt); break; case SDLK_RIGHT: shift ? scale(1, 0, alt) : move(1, 0, alt); break; case SDLK_SPACE: setoption(&PAUSE, !PAUSE); break; case SDLK_BACKSPACE: insert('.'); break; } } } void dotext(SDL_Event *event) { int i; for(i = 0; i < SDL_TEXTINPUTEVENT_TEXT_SIZE; ++i) { char c = event->text.text[i]; if(c < ' ' || c > '~') break; insert(c); } } int init(void) { int i, j; if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) return error("Init", SDL_GetError()); gWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("Orca", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, WIDTH * ZOOM, HEIGHT * ZOOM, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN); if(gWindow == NULL) return error("Window", SDL_GetError()); gRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(gWindow, -1, 0); if(gRenderer == NULL) return error("Renderer", SDL_GetError()); gTexture = SDL_CreateTexture(gRenderer, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_ARGB8888, SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STATIC, WIDTH, HEIGHT); if(gTexture == NULL) return error("Texture", SDL_GetError()); pixels = (Uint32 *)malloc(WIDTH * HEIGHT * sizeof(Uint32)); if(pixels == NULL) return error("Pixels", "Failed to allocate memory"); for(i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++) for(j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++) pixels[i * WIDTH + j] = theme[0]; initmidi(); return 1; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { Uint8 tick = 0; if(!init()) return error("Init", "Failure"); if(argc > 1) { if(!opendoc(&doc, argv[1])) makedoc(&doc, argv[1]); } else makedoc(&doc, "untitled.orca"); while(1) { SDL_Event event; if(!PAUSE) { if(tick > 3) { frame(); tick = 0; } else tick++; } SDL_Delay(60000 / BPM / 16); while(SDL_PollEvent(&event) != 0) { switch(event.type) { case SDL_QUIT: quit(); break; case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP: case SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: case SDL_MOUSEMOTION: domouse(&event); break; case SDL_KEYDOWN: dokey(&event); break; case SDL_TEXTINPUT: dotext(&event); break; case SDL_WINDOWEVENT: if(event.window.event == SDL_WINDOWEVENT_EXPOSED) redraw(pixels); break; } } } quit(); return 0; }



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