#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

int count = 10;

int add_together(int x, int y) {
	int result = x + y;
	return result;
}

typedef struct {
	int x;
	int y;
	int z;
} point;

void print_point(point point) {
	printf("the point is: (%d,%d,%d)\n",point.x,point.y,point.z);
}

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	point p;
	p.x = 2;
	p.y = 3;
	p.z = 4;

	float length = sqrt(p.x * p.x + p.y * p.y);

	printf("float: %.6f\n", length);
	printf("int: %d\n", p.z);

	print_point(p);

	return 0;
}

#include <linux/soundcard.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int
error(char* msg, const char* err)
{
	printf("Error %s: %s\n", msg, err);
	return 0;
}

int
main(void)
{
	char* device = "/dev/midi2";
	unsigned char g_on[3] = {0x90, 0x43, 0x40};
	unsigned char g_off[3] = {0x80, 0x43, 0x00};
	int f = open(device, O_WRONLY, 0);
	if(f < 0)
		return error("Unknown", device);
	printf("Note ON\n");
	if(!write(f, g_on, sizeof(g_on)))
		return error("Note", "ON");
	sleep(2);
	printf("Note OFF\n");
	if(!write(f, g_off, sizeof(g_off)))
		return error("Note", "OFF");
	close(f);
	return 0;
}

Data Types

IO

One way to get input into a program or to display output from a program is to use standard input and standard output, respectively. The following two programs can be used with the unix pipe ./o | ./i

o.c

#include <stdio.h>

int
main()
{
  printf("(output hello)");
  return 0;
}

i.c

#include <stdio.h>

int
main()
{
  char line[256];
  if(fgets(line, 256, stdin) != NULL) {
    printf("(input: %s)\n", line);
  }
  return 0;
}

SDL

cc demo.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lSDL2 -o demo

To compile the following example, place a graphic.bmp file in the same location as the c file, or remove the image block.

#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int
error(char* msg, const char* err)
{
  printf("Error %s: %s\n", msg, err);
  return 1;
}

int
main()
{
  SDL_Window* window = NULL;
  SDL_Surface* surface = NULL;
  SDL_Surface* image = NULL;

  if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0)
    return error("init", SDL_GetError());

  window = SDL_CreateWindow("Blank Window",
                            SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
                            SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
                            640,
                            480,
                            SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);

  if(window == NULL)
    return error("window", SDL_GetError());

  surface = SDL_GetWindowSurface(window);
  SDL_FillRect(surface, NULL,
               SDL_MapRGB(surface->format, 0x72, 0xDE, 0xC2));

  /* Display an image */
  image = SDL_LoadBMP("graphic.bmp");

  if(image == NULL)
    return error("image", SDL_GetError());

  SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, surface, NULL);

  /* Draw canvas */
  SDL_UpdateWindowSurface(window);
  SDL_Delay(2000);

  /* close */
  SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
  surface = NULL;
  SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
  window = NULL;
  SDL_Quit();

  return 0;
}

Misc

String padding: |Hello |

printf("|%-10s|", "Hello");