Latin sin Flexion is an auxiliary language.

The language, originally created by Giuseppe Peano(LsF), is an attempt to strip Classical Latin down to its simplest possible grammar while keeping its vocabulary recognizable, making a language learnable in hours rather than years. This page documents a specific variant(Lø) that favors compactness by removing unstressed final vowels and repeated consonants.

Pronunciation

Lø favors the old Latin pronunciation, consonants are sounded as in English with the exception of c, that is always sounded like k, as in can and cat. Vowels are pronounced as indicated below:

• a, as in father.
• e, as in they.
• i, as in machine.
• o, as in tone.
• u, as in rule.
• y, as French u.
• j, as y in yes.
• ae, as i in aisle.
• oe, as oi in boil.

Syntax

The order of words is so nearly similar to the English order of words that one may safely follow that usage without fear of being misunderstood or being too greatly incorrect. Most grammatical elements are not necessary, declension and conjugation are eliminated.

The subject tends to come first, the predicate last. The word most expressive of the thought uppermost in mind will likely come first and the others follow in their natural sequence.

Nouns

Any Latin dictionary gives two forms for each noun, the first form is called nominative, the second genitive. Lø nouns are typically taken from the Latin genitive form, and keeping only the root word:

There is no grammatical or artificial gender. Natural gender is indicated by different names if these are in international use, like patr(father) or matr(mother). If different names do not exist, gender is indicated like can mas(male dog), can femin(female dog).

There are no cases. The English genitive is made with de, as in ped de homin(the man's foot). Plural can be marked, but it is omitted when not necessary: fils(sons), tres fil(three sons) or plur fil(multiple sons).

Articles

There is no definite or indefinite article. When the ending vowel of an article and starting vowel of the next word is the same, the article can be contracted, like te es(you are) to t'es and da ad(give to) to d'ad. When it has the value of a pronoun and its use is necessary, it is translated with a pronoun, like il or un. :

• D'ad me librs, give me books.
• D'ad me libr, give me a book.
• D'ad me hoc libr, give me the book.
• D'ad me il libr, give me that book.
• D'ad me ils libr, give me these books.

Pronouns

Possessive pronouns are simply: de me(my, mine), de nos(our, ours), etc.. Reflexive pronouns are made of se(himself, herself, it, itself) and se ips(one's self, themselves). Capitals can sometime mark personification or proper-noun status, ordinary nouns stay lowercase even in elevated prose.

Adjectives

Adjectives may be formed by means of de, like de fratr(fraternal). Adverbs from adjectives are obtained by means of in mod(in a way of), like in mod fratern(fraternally). For the comparison of adjectives, superlatives are used like: plus(plus), magis(more), mult(much), maxim(most)..

• Brev, short.
• Maxim brev, shortest.
• Magis brev, shorter than.
• Tam brev quam, as short as.
• Minus brev quam, less short than.

The prefixing of the negative ne or non may ordinarily be used to denote the contrary. The preposition sin may be used to denote lacking, like the suffix "-less" in English.

Verbs

The Latin vocabulary gives the present indicative and the present infinitive. By dropping the ending of the infinitive -re, the Lø form is obtained. To the present form of the verb add:

• -r for the infinitive
• -t for the past participle
• -nt for the present participle

The form of the imperative is the same as the one for the present. Sometimes the idea of the past is indicated by a word of the sentence and in such case there is no need to inflect the verb.

• Me am, I love.
• Nos am, we love.
• Ils am, they love.

When it is necessary to indicate the past, this can be done by an adverb as jam(already), tum which is particularly used for this purpose or by e(did) preceding the verb like quotes and headings.

• Me jam am, I loved.
• Te tum am, you loved.
• Nos e am, we have loved.

When it is necessary to indicate the future, it can be done by the adverbs vol(will) and deb(must) like in English, or by i(will do) preceding the verb.

• Me vol am, I will love.
• Te deb am, you must love.
• Nos i am, we shall love.

The potential form is indicated by pot, like pot exprim(can express). The subjunctive has no special ending, its idea is expressed by the use of conjunctions like si, que, ut, quod.

The passive form is rendered by the past participle and the verb "es", to be: es amat(is loved). It may also be rendered by "quem" and a relative clause: fil es quem matr am(it is the son whom the mother loves). Bare participles and nouns can stand predicatively without es in terse contexts.

Examples

Nos vid per oculs, audi per aurs, senti odor per nas, gust per ling, loq per or, tang per man, ambul per pede. Me hab un capit, du man, du ped. Man hab quinq digit. Du man hab decem digit.

Alphabet latin hab duo decem et quinq liter. Prim liter es A, secund B, C es ant D, F es post E. H es inter G et I, Z es ultim. Y es ant ultim. O es in loc 15. T hab numer 20 ab principi, et numer 6 ab fin.

Aq es in fluv et in mar. Aer es super ter, aer in mot es vent. Cael es super ter, ter es sub cael. Sol da luc et calor ad ter. Sol ori in orient, et fi die. Sol cad in ocident et fi noct. Lun et stelas splend in noct. In noct nos dorm.

Fulgid astr, que cum suo viv luc alb atrah atention d'omn homin, es Jov(Jupiter), gigant de munds. Hoc mund colosal gravit lent circ Sol et percur suo orbit quas rotund in 11 an et 314 die. Galileo in 7 januar 1610 deteg quatuor satelit ad Jov. Quatuor al satelit es detect post 1892, invisibil cum instruments comun.

Monstrat ad can de me un iPhone 5 et il e dic: "hoc ut magn it semper necessit, relicts de te gener es intolerabil et vos fac de paradis inter stels un sepulcr".

• Sin-Flexion/Anglo Dictionar
• Prim Libr, Latino Sine Flexione
• Anglo/Sine-Flexione Dictionary, Latino Sine Flexione
• Latin/Anglo Dictionary, Latin

Vocabuls

Un colection de vocabuls pro incip cum Latin Sin Flexion.

Dicants

Aliq vulgar dicants:

Quaesits

Quaesits vol saep incip per un quaesitvocabul, un facvocabul et in fin, un pronomin:

• Qui es me? who am I?
• Que hab te? what do you have?
• Quar non? why not?
• Qual ocasion? which occasion?
• Quem vos e inven? whom did you find?
• Quand vad te? when are you going?

Indefinit Pronomins

• tal, such.
• qual, such as.
• omn, all, every.
• ul, some, any.
• nul, not any.
• nemin, nobody.
• al, other, else.
• sol, alone, single, one.
• tot, whole, all, entire.
• neutr, neither.
• alter, either(one).
• utroq, either(both).
• aliq, some.
• alioq, otherwise.
• aliquid, somewhat.
• aliquand, sometime.
• aliquant, some amount.

Adverbs

• ben, well
• cert, certainly
• erg, therefore
• it, thus
• mal, badly
• mult, much
• nam, because, for
• nimis, too much
• non, no, not
• quam, as, than
• quas, almost, nearly
• quia, because
• satis, enough
• sic, so, thus
• tal, like, such
• tot, entirely, wholly
• tut, safely
• ut, in order that, as
• usqu, till, up to
• vald, greatly, very, very much

Adverbs(Tempor)

• jam, already
• iterum, again
• in fin, at last
• hod, today
• ant, before
• bis, again
• cras, tomorrow
• her, yesterday
• interim, meanwhile
• nunc, now
• post, after
• nuper, lately, recently
• saep, often
• semper, always
• subit, at once, immediately
• tunc, then
• prim, at first

Adverbs(Loc)

• ub, where
• alib, elsewhere
• hic, here
• ib, there
• dexter, to the right
• sinistr, to the left

Prepositions

• ab, by, from
• ad, at, to
• advers, against
• apud, near
• circ, about
• circum, around
• cum, with, when, whereas, since
• de, concerning, from of
• ex, from, out of
• extr, outside, without
• in, in, into
• infr, below, under
• inter, among, between
• intr, within
• juxt, near, next to
• ob, on account of
• per, by means of, through
• prae, before, in front of
• pro, for, on behalf of
• sin, without
• sub, below, under
• super, above, on, upon
• trans, across, beyond
• ultr, beyond

Conjunctions

aut ... aut      = either ... or(exclusive).
et ... et        = both ... and .
neq ... nec      = neither ... nor.
minus ... quam   = less ... than.
plus ... quam    = more ... than.
tant ... quant   = as much ... as.
ut ... it        = as ... so.
vel ... vel      = either ... or(indifferent).

• aut, or
• dum, during, until, when, while
• et, and
• etiam, also, even
• ets, although, even if
• ne, no, not
• nec, nor
• nis, unless
• sed, but
• si non, if not
• tamen, however, nevertheless, notwithstanding, yet

Numers

• un, prim, 1
• du, secund, dimid, 2, 1/2
• tres, tert, un tert, 3, 1/3
• quatuor, quart, un quart, 4, 1/4
• quinq, quint, 5
• sex, sext, 6
• septem, septim, 7
• oct, octav, 8
• novem, non, 9
• decem, decim, 10
• decem-un, decimprim, 11
• decem-du, decimsecund, 12
• decem-tres, decimtert, 13
• vigint, vigesim, 20
• trigint, trigesim, 30
• quadragint, quadragesim, 40
• quinquagint, quinquagesim, 50
• sexagint, sexagesim, 60
• septuagint, septuagesim, 70
• ocogint, octogesim, 80
• nonagint, nonagesim, 90
• centum, centesimo, 100
• mil, milesim, 1 000
• milion, milionesim, 1 000 000

Dies de Septiman

• Lunad, Monday
• Marted, Tuesday
• Mercuriod, Wednesday
• Joved, Thursday
• Venered, Friday
• Saturnod, Saturday
• Sold, Sunday

Postfix & Prefix

Il vocabul ben pot fac prefix de Anglic "well", par benconsiliat(well-advised), malfamat(ill-famed) aut malconception(misconception).

English         Lø             English                 Lø
-ary            -ar            aviary                  aviar
-aster          -astr          poetaster               poetastr
-ble            -bil           stable                  stabil
-or,-our        -or            colo(u)r                color
-tive           -tiv           punitive                punitiv
-ous            -os            famous                  famos
-ate            -at            sublimate               sublimat
-er             -tor           maker                   factor
-ty             -tat           quality                 qualitat
-cy             -t             tendency                tendent
-ce             -t             elegance                elegant
-fy             -fic           justify                 justific
-esque          -esc           statuesque              statuesc

Anglic fin de vocabul -ed qual "faced"(having faces) es cum vult aut cum superfic, aut cum angul(cornered, having corners).

English         Lø              English                 Lø
self-           auto-           self-induction          auto-induction
mis-            mal-            misform                 malform
pan-            pan-            pan-asiatic             panasiatic
by-             para-           by-product              para-product

Sentents de Latin Sin Flexion

Primo quaesit de omn, hoc regul cum vowel de fin et pugnant de sons idem, utro es un problem aut non. Hoc tres mod, omn cum un solut:

• Vag Mod, nomin, adjectiv aut verb fi diversont mod. Exampl: sicca(to dry)/sicco(dried) fi sic. Hoc es stabil cum auxvocabul, inspic in Anglic: cook[n], to cook[v].
• Par Sentent, sed divers vocabul. Exampl: disseminate[v] et seeding[v], ils es utroq sem.
• Sin solut, stabil per retin sons idem de ils, aut altervocabul. Exampl: Talo(heel)/tale(such) heel vol fi ped post.

Respons es camb de hoc vocabuls in dictionar:

• sed(however/seat), sedil -> seat.
• ut(as/use), qual -> as.
• mens(meal/month), cib -> meal.
• sal(salt/jump), surg -> jump.
• gen(cheek/knee), gnath -> cheek.
• man(morning/hand), auror -> morning.
• pac(pay/pack), fasc -> pack and merc -> pay.
• pan (bread/cloth), tex -> cloth.
• sit (thirst/located), posit -> located.
• sum (assume/summit), vertic -> summit.
• vic (occasion/lane), via -> lane.
• vac (cow/empty), bov -> cow.
• mut(change/dumb), plumb -> dumb.
• tal (such/heel), ped post -> heel.

incoming: gaud vocabuls about 2026